Ali Momeni; Masoud Amiri; Mahdi Ghatrehsamani; Maryam Mohammadi; Morteza Hashemzadeh Chaleshtori; Alireza Nematolahi
Volume 24, Issue 3 , 2022
Abstract
Background: Gene polymorphism of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) may be associated with adverse prognosis and increased cardiovascular complications in hemodialysis patients.
Objectives: This study aimed to compare the frequency of ACE gene polymorphism in both hemodialysis patients and normal individuals ...
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Background: Gene polymorphism of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) may be associated with adverse prognosis and increased cardiovascular complications in hemodialysis patients.
Objectives: This study aimed to compare the frequency of ACE gene polymorphism in both hemodialysis patients and normal individuals considering echocardiographic findings.
Methods: This cross-sectional study included 110 hemodialysis patients (case) and 113 healthy subjects (control). Gene polymorphism of ACE was evaluated in both groups. ECG and echocardiography tests were performed for all patients. Correlations between gene polymorphisms and other variables were analyzed in this study. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to identify the short deletion allele (D with 190bp), large insertion allele (I with 490bp), and ID genotype which has both alleles.
Results: Case and control groups included 46 and 54 female and 64 and 59 male patients, respectively. There were no significant differences between the prevalence of DD, II, and DI alleles of the ACE gene with DI as the most common allele in both groups. No significant differences were found between systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate in DD, DI, and II alleles of the case group. Echocardiographic findings of the patients showed no significant differences between DD, DI, and II genotypes of the case group and intraventricular septal end-diastole (IVSd), MVE vel, MVA vel, MVE/A ratio, MV DT, and MV Dec slope. The mean±SD left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) in II, ID, and DD patients were 4.3±0.72, 4.52±0.66, and 4.89±0.93 respectively (P=0.046).
Conclusion: The findings of the present study showed that there were no differences in the prevalence of alleles of an ACE gene in hemodialysis patients and control groups. Moreover, no significant associations were observed between alleles of an ACE gene in the patients' group and echocardiographic findings except in left ventricular end-diastolic diameter.
Miran Gholami; Paria Ghahremani; Zhaleh Mohsenifar; Mohammad Mahdi Jaafarzadeh; Ali Momeni; Mohammad Reza Parvizi
Volume 24, Issue 1 , 2022
Abstract
Background: Lead, as the most important toxic heavy element, has several devastating effects on human health and influences most biochemical and physiological functions. It is widely accepted that lead can adversely affect the cardiovascular system since it can be quickly absorbed and recycled in the ...
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Background: Lead, as the most important toxic heavy element, has several devastating effects on human health and influences most biochemical and physiological functions. It is widely accepted that lead can adversely affect the cardiovascular system since it can be quickly absorbed and recycled in the blood strain.
Objectives: This survey scrutinized the effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on the oxidative damage, inflammation, and expression of protein kinase C-alpha (PKC-?) and ankyrin repeat domain 1 (ANKRD1) genes in the heart tissue of rats exposed to lead (Pb).
Methods: The rats were incidentally divided into five groups, including four study groups for the investigation of the effects of the single and continuous doses of lead were examined with and without NAC and a control group (G1). The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), interleukin (IL)-10, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-?) were analyzed. A reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was applied to investigate the expression of PKC-? and ANKRD1 genes.
Results: Continuous exposure to Pb significantly decreased serum levels of TAC and IL-10; however, it increased MDA and TNF-? contents (P<0.001). The continuous dose of Pb also dramatically increased the expression of PKC-? and ANKRD1 genes in the cardiac tissue by 4.27-fold and 3.07-fold, respectively (P<0.001). N-acetylcysteine treatments not only improved morphological changes, oxidative stress, and inflammatory biomarkers but also compensated antioxidant capacity and the expression of PKC-? and ANKRD1 genes in cardiac tissues.
Conclusion: Lead exposure is remarkably related to cardiotoxicity mainly by inducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and antioxidant discharge. N-acetylcysteine ameliorates Pb-induced cardiotoxicity by improving the antioxidants capacity, mitigating oxidative stress, and down expressing PKC-? and ANKRD1 genes.
